Nephelium subfalcatum Radlk., Rec. Bot. Surv. India 3 (1907)

Description
Mid-canopy tree up to 31(-35) m tall and 44(-60) cm dbh. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, compound, leaflets penni-veined, glabrous. Flowers ca. 3 mm diameter, yellowish, placed in panicles. Fruits ca. 33 mm long, green-red, long spiny drupes.

Description
Tree, up to 35 m high, dbh up to 60 cm, with up to 2 m high buttresses. Twigs 1.5-5 mm thick, puberulous, mostly early glabrescent. Leaves 1-foliolate to 5-jugate; petiole 1.5-7 cm long, 0.75-1.5 mm thick, terete to semiterete; axes sparsely puberulous and mostly glabrescent, or glabrous from the beginning; petiolules 3-10 mm long, above mostly narrowly and deeply, sometimes only slightly grooved, without a median rib but mostly with swollen lateral ribs. Leaflets (narrowly) ovate to elliptic, 4-15 by 1.5-5 cm, index 2.3-4.8, thin pergamentaceous to coriaceous, glabrous or sometimes beneath along the midrib with a few minute appressed hairs; domatia absent; base acute to rounded, attenuate; sides mostly slightly, sometimes strongly curved, sometimes nearly parallel; apex obtuse or rounded or tapering acuminate, the acumen short, broad, and rounded to long, slender, and acute; midrib above sunken to, sometimes prominulous, nerves 0.5-1.5 cm apart, above prominulous, +/- distinctly looped and joined near the margin, nervation rather irregular because of the often great number of variably developed intercalated veins, veins clearly differentiated from veinlets, reticulation very coarse, prominulous at both sides. Inflorescences axillary, pseudoterminal, or terminal. Sepals variably but mostly rather high up connate, 1-2 mm long. Petals absent. Disc glabrous. Stamens (6-)8. Ovary 2-celled. Fruits ellipsoid, 3.3-3.8 by 2.5 cm, glabrous, +/- densely set with strap-shaped to filiform, curved, up to c. 15 mm long, appendages, bulbous to triangular at the base, confluent or not; wall hard coriaceous, up to c. 3 mm thick. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
In undisturbed mixed dipterocarp forests up to 500(-1000) m altitude. On hillsides and ridges with sandy to clay soils.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Local names
Borneo: Melanyau, Mertapang, Rambutan.