Knema conferta (King) Warb., Mon. Myrist. (1897)

Synonyms
Myristica conferta King

Diagnostics
Mid-canopy tree up to 35 m tall and 54 cm dbh. Bole straight, with buttresses to 3 m high, extending 30 cm over the ground, 10 cm thick (once); bark smooth, +/- rough, or often peeling off in narrow strips or in isodiametric scales 1-1.5 mm thick; living bark 5-8 mm thick, light red or redbrown inside; sapwood whitish, yellowish, or reddish brown, heartwood reddish brown. Leaves glossy dark green above, glabrous except midrib which becomes glabrous later, beneath whitish green with stellate indumentum to varying degree. Flowers greenish or yellowish inside, with a brown-pink blotch at base of lobes; stigma red (?). Fruits rusty or orange.

Description
Tree 10-25(-35) m. Twigs 2-5 mm in diameter, at first with dense rusty hairs 0.2-1 mm long, glabrescent; bark coarsely striate, not tending to crack or flake. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate, 10-30 by 3-12 cm, base subcordate to cuneate, apex subobtuse or acute-acuminate; above glossy (greenish) brown, with distinct hair scars above or not; lower surface greyish or glaucous, finely papillate, and with scattered minute brownish black dots especially on the veinlets (lens!), with persistent indumentum of mixed sessile-stellate and stalked stellate-dendroid hairs of variable size, (0.2-)0.3-l mm long; midrib raised above; nerves 12-28 pairs, +/- raised; venation +/- fine, distinct; petiole 5-15 by 1.5-5 mm, late glabrescent. Inflorescences: peduncle up to 1 mm, brachyblast simple or 2- (to 3-)furcate, up to 15 mm long; in male (5-)10-40-flowered, in female up to 10-flowered; flowers with dull rusty hairs (0.1-)0.2-0.3 mm long, perianth 3-lobed, greenish or yellowish inside. Male flowers: pedicel 7-15 mm long, bracteole +/- persistent or caducous, about the middle or above; buds subglobose, often +/- triangular, 4-4.5 mm in diameter, cleft nearly to the base, lobes 1-1.5 mm thick; staminal disc flat to slightly convex, circular, or +/- triangular, 2-3 mm in diameter; anthers (10-)12-17, (just) stiped, horizontal, 0.3-0.7 mm long, spaced; androphore 0.8-1.5 mm long. Female flowers: pedicel 5-10 mm long, bracteole about the middle or above; buds obovoid, 5 mm long, cleft about halfway, lobes 1-1.5 mm thick; ovary subglobose to ovoid, 1.5- 2 mm in diameter; style 0-1 mm long, stigma 3- or 2-lobed and each lobe again 2-5- lobulate. Fruits 1-5 per infructescence, subglobose, ellipsoid or obovoid, (1.5-)2-4 by (1-)2-3 cm, hairs 0.5 mm long, later on largely shed; dry pericarp 2-5 mm thick; fruiting pedicel 5-10 mm long. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
In undisturbed mixed dipterocarp, swamp and keranga forests up to 600 m altitude. On alluvial sites near or along rivers and streams. On sandy soils.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Local names
Borneo: Endera, Kumpang.