Horsfieldia polyspherula (Hook.f. emend. King) J.Sinclair, Gard. Bull. Sing. 16 (1958)

Synonyms
Horsfieldia brachiata var. sumatrana (Miq.) J.Sinclair
Myristica collettiana King
Myristica glabra var. sumatrana Miq.
Myristica integra Wall.
Myristica polyspherula Hook.f.

Diagnostics
Sub-canopy tree up to 40 m tall and 43 cm dbh. Stem with red sap. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, simple, penni-veined, glabrous to sparsely hairy. Flowers ca. 2 mm diameter, yellow-brownish, placed in a panicle. Fruits ca. 46 mm long, orange-brown, glabrous, dehiscent capsules. Seeds with undivided orange-red aril.

Description
Tree 4-35(-40) m. Twigs terete or subterete, 2-5 mm diameter, never lined or ridged, early or late glabrescent, hairs rusty, mealy, 0.1-0.6 mm long; bark finely or coarsely striate, neither cracking nor flaking, lenticels distinct or not. Leaves thickly membranous to chartaceous, very brittle, (elliptic-)ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 7-28 by 2.5-9 cm, base +/- rounded or usually attenuate, apex acute-acuminate; upper surface drying olivaceous or (greenish) brown, lower surface light brown or chocolate-brown, usually much contrasting with the upper surface, early glabrescent but midrib often late glabrescent, dots absent; midrib slender; nerves 6-15(-20) pairs, distinctly raised above, lines of interarching usually not distinct; venation lax, faint; petiole 6-15 by 1.5-3 mm, sometimes late glabrescent; leaf bud 6-17 by 1.5-3 mm, with rusty dendroid hairs 0.1- 0.6 mm long. Inflorescences with sparse to dense woolly hairs 0.6 mm long, sometimes glabrescent; in male: 3-5 times branched, many-flowered, 4-15(-20) by 3-12 cm, peduncle 0.3-1.5 cm long, the flowers in clusters of up to 8 each; in female: few- to many flowered, up to 8 cm long; bracts oblong to lanceolate, 1.5-7 mm long, densely pubescent, caducous; flowers with perianth 3-lobed, glabrous or glabrescent, pedicel glabrous or minutely pubescent towards the base, articulated. Maleflowers: pedicel slender, sometimes tapering, 0.8-1.5(-2) mm long; buds globose or broadly obovoid, 1-1.8 mm diameter, apex (broadly) rounded, base rounded or +/- tapering into the pedicel, cleft 1/2-2/3, not collapsing on drying, lobes 0.2-0.4 mm thick, at base up to 0.6 mm thick; androecium (including androphore) +/- broadly obovoid in outline, 0.5-0.8 by 0.6-1 mm, triangular in cross section; thecae (6 or) 8-14, free for at least halfway, +/- curved or suberect, 0.3-0.5 mm long, apex acutish, at base column short bowl-shaped, narrowed into +/- tapering androphore, (0.2-)0.3-0.4 mm long. Female flowers: pedicel 1-1.8 mm long, minutely pubescent; buds broadly ellipsoid-obovoid, 2-3 by 1.8-2.8 mm, glabrous or with sparse hairs 0.1 mm, cleft 1/3-2/3; ovary ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.2-1.5 by 1-1.5 mm, glabrous, the stigma shallowly 2-lobed, 0.2-0.3 by 0.5 mm. Fruits 1-6 per infructescence, subglobose or ellipsoid, apex rounded, base rounded or slightly attenuate, 1.9-6 by 1.4-5 cm, glabrous, not lenticel-like tuberculate; pericarp 2-15 mm thick; fruiting pedicel 1-4 mm long; perianth not persistent. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
In undisturbed to slightly disturbed (open) mixed dipterocarp, keranga and peat-swamp forests up to 1100 m altitude. Mostly on hillsides and ridges, rarely on alluvial sites. On clay to sandy and ultramafic soils.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Philippines.

Local names in Borneo
Borneo: Darah-darah, Kumpang, Kumpang balau, Pendarahan.