Dryobalanops sumatrensis (J.F.Gmel.) Kosterm., Blumea 33: 346 (1988)

Synonyms
Arbor camphorifera Rumph.
Dipterocarpus camphora Colebr. Dipterocarpus camphorus (Colebr.) Mart.
Dipterocarpus dryobalanops Steud.
Dipterocarpus teres Steud. [invalid]
Dryobalanops aromatica C.F.Gaertn.
Dryobalanops camphora Colebr.
Dryobalanops junghuhnii Becc.
Dryobalanops vriesii Becc.
Laurus sumatrensis J.F. Gmel.
Pterigium teres Correa
Shorea camphorifera Roxb.
Shorea costata J.Presl

Diagnostics
Emergent trees up to 62 m tall and 197 cm dbh. Stem with resin. Stipules up to ca. 7 mm long. Leaves alternate, simple, penni-veined, secondary venation very close together. Flowers ca. 5 mm in diameter, white, placed in short panicles. Fruits ca. 35 mm long, yellow-red-purplish, with five wings originating from the calyx base up to ca. 50 mm long, wind dispersed.

Description
Emergent trees up to 62 m tall and 197 cm dbh. Stem with resin. Young twig, raceme, stipule, petiole and leaf beneath at first sparsely minutely lepidote, appearing yellowish, becoming glabrous. Twig c. 1 mm apically, slender, smooth. Bud 2-5 by 1-1.5 mm, small, narrowly lanceolate, often compressed. Stipule 5-8 mm long, small, linear, fugaceous. Leaves 4-6 by 2-4 cm, +/- broadly ovate, coriaceous, sometimes (excluding acumen) broader than long, base cuneate or broadly obtuse, acumen to 1.5 cm long, prominent; nervation indistinct; midrib depressed above, prominent beneath; petiole 0.5-1 cm long, slender. Panicle to 7 cm long, terminal or axillary, ribbed and angular on drying, singly or doubly branched. Flower bud to 9 by 4 mm, fusiform. Calyx glabrous, lobes subequal, lanceolate, obtuse. Corolla white, petals glabrous, +/- oblong, acute. Stamens c. 30, subequal, shorter than the style; filaments slender, tapering, united at base; anthers linear; appendage to connective short, linear, somewhat exceeding anther apex. Ovary small, ovoid, glabrous; style filiform, c. 2 times length of ovary, glabrous. Fruit calyx base 6-8 mm deep, 8-15 mm diameter, cup-shaped, +/- constricted at the rim; lobes equal, 4-6 by 0.8-2 cm, spatulate, obtuse, to 3-5 mm broad at the base, entirely glabrous. Nut to 3 by 1.5 cm, ovoid, glabrous, constricted at the apex of the calyx cup, acute, with a short style remnant. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
Locally dominant, gregarious on dry sandy or gravelly soils over sandstone and granite, on subcoastal hills or (rarely) inland quartzite dikes to 400 m elevation.

Uses
Timber is used.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Local names
Borneo: Kapur, Kapur anggi (Brun.), Kapur bukit (Brun.), Kapur peringii (Brun.), Kapur ranggi, Keladan (Iban), Kladan, Telajin (Belait).
Malaysia: Kapus.
Sumatra: Kapur barus.