Baccaurea polyneura Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1887)

Synonyms
Baccaurea cordata Merr.
Baccaurea hookeri Gage
Baccaurea kunstleri King ex Gage

Description
Tree (5-)11-32 m high, dbh 10-54 cm, buttresses small; branchlets velutinous, Terminalia branching pattern weakly developed. Indumentum of simple and stellate hairs. Bark brown to white-brown to red-brown when fresh, brown when dry, 3-5 mm thick, smooth; inner bark red to brown, 2-5 mm thick. Heartwood red to brown. Leaves: petiole 7-78 mm long, velutinous, raised glands usually absent; stipules elliptic to ovate, 2.2-10 by 0.5-2 mm, caducous (to late caducous), velutinous outside, subgla-brous to velutinous inside, margin ciliate, not hyaline; lamina ovate to elliptic, 5.5-21.5 by 3.1-12.5 cm, l/w ratio 1.4-2.7, papery to slightly leathery; base rounded to cordate (to attenuate); apex (retuse to) acute, up to 11 mm long; upper surface glabrous to densely hairy, midrib and veins sparsely hairy to velutinous, sometimes granulate; lower surface sparsely hairy to velutinous, raised glands absent to present, discoid glands absent; dark green when fresh, green to brown when dry, black when young when dry; secondary veins 7-14 per side, closed at margin or almost so; nervation scalariform, brown to white-brown when dry. Staminate inflorescences axillary to just below the leaves (to ramiflorous), solitary to 5 clustered together, 1-7 cm long, c. 1 mm thick, velutinous, many-flowered, flowers clustered at the tip of inflorescence, rarely somewhat scattered; bracts 0 or 3 per branchlet, 0.2-1.3 mm long, persistent, velutinous outside, glabrous to rarely velutinous inside, margin ciliate, not hyaline; branchlets cylindrical to spatulate, 1-4 mm long, velutinous, 3-flowered. Staminate flowers 1.1-3.3 mm diam., green to yellow to greenish-white; pedicel 0-0.5 mm long, velutinous; sepals 4-6, ovate, 0.7-1.5 by 0.5-1.5 mm, apex straight, outside and inside velutinous; stamens 4-8, 0.3-0.7 mm long, glabrous, cream to brown; ?laments 0.2-0.6 mm long, geniculate to straight; anthers c. 0.1 by 0.2-0.3 by 0.1 mm; pistillode absent to present, globose, 0-0.3 mm high, velutinous, solid. Pistillate inflorescences axillary to ramiflorous, solitary to 3 clustered together, 1-34.5 cm long, 0.5-4 mm thick, velutinous, 5-50-flowered, yellow; pedicel 2-5.8 mm long, upper part 0.5-2 mm long, geniculate or not, velutinous to sparsely hairy; bracts 0-3 per branchlet, persistent to caducous, velutinous outside, glabrous to velutinous inside, margin ciliate. Pistillate flowers 2.5-6.5 mm diam.; sepals 4 or 5, ovate, 0.5-5.9 by 0.3-3.5 mm, outside and inside velutinous, persistent (or caducous), ochre; ovary subglobose to pyriform, 2.5-4.5 by 2.2-4 mm, 3-locular, velutinous; style 0.1-0.2 mm by 0.5-0.8 mm, velutinous; stigmas 0.6-0.9 mm long, cleft for upper 60-90%, persistent or caducous; lobes 0.5-0.9 by c. 0.2 mm, glabrous above, glabrous to sparsely hairy below. Fruits globose to subglobose, 1-3-seeded, fleshy capsules, 10-26 by 12-26 by 12-26 mm, loculicidally dehiscent, raised glands often present, sparsely hairy to velutinous outside and inside, yellow to orange; pericarp 0.1-4 mm thick; column 9.5-19 mm long, almost straight, persistent; pedicel 5-11(-35) mm long, upper part 1-7 mm long, 80% bent present at abscission zone. Seeds ellipsoid, laterally flattened, 7.8-11 by 5-9.8 by 2-5 mm; arillode red; testa orange; cotyledons 5-9 by 5-7.5 by c. 0.1 mm; radicle 0.5-2 mm long; endosperm c. 0.5 mm thick. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
In undisturbed to slightly disturbed mixed dipterocarp forests up to 700 m altitude. On hillsides and ridges, but also on alluvial sites. On sandy, clay, granite, loam soils.

Uses
Fruits are edible, sweet-sour.

Distribution
Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Local names
Borneo Enyak beruk, Jelintik, Kapul burung, Kayu masam, Simpak nyabor, Tampoi.
Peninsular Malaysia Jentik-jentik, rambai, rambai hutan.
Simeulu? Island Sirawi, sirawi uding, sirawi pajo.
Sumatra Djetikan betina, djentikan, djenti ompang, m¨¦r¨¤h mata, p¨¦t¨¨kan.
Thailand Chum rai.