Baccaurea macrocarpa (Miq.) Mull.Arg., in DC. Prodr. 15, 2 (1866)

Synonyms
Baccaurea borneensis (Mull.Arg.) Mull.Arg.
Baccaurea griffithii Hook.f.
Mappa borneensis Mull.Arg.
Pierardia macrocarpa Miq.

Description
Treelet or tree 5-29 m high, dbh 6-64 cm; bole sometimes fluted, up to 5 m high; buttresses absent to low to small; branchlets glabrous; young shoots blackish, Termina-lia branching pattern weakly developed. Indumentum of simple hairs and small stellate. Bark dark to pale (red) brown to grey to orange when fresh, greyish-brown when dry, hard, c. 0.1 mm thick, smooth; inner bark red-brown to pale brown to orange to red to pinkish white, soft, 2.5-3 mm thick. Leaves: petiole (10-)22-145 mm long, glabrous to sparsely hairy, brown to blackish when dry, raised glands usually present; stipules 2-9 by 1-5 mm, glabrous to tomentose outside, glabrous inside, margin ciliate, not hyaline; lamina (ovate to) elliptic (to obovate), (7.2-)9-37 by 3.1-17.5 cm, l/w ratio (1.1-)1.6-2.8(-3.5), leathery to papery; base attenuate to cuneate (to rounded); apex (obtuse to) acuminate to cuspidate, up to 20 mm long; upper surface glabrous, some-times granulate, brown to greenish when dry, nervation brown to rarely whitish when dry; lower surface (sub)glabrous, mostly sparsely hairy on midrib and secondary veins, raised glands absent or present, discoid glands in a row between secondary veins, green with brown nervation when fresh, brown to greenish when dry; secondary veins 6-10(-13) per side, not completely parallel, ending open at margin; nervation reticulate to weakly scalariform; young leaves blackish brown when dry. Staminate inflorescences (axillary to) ramiflorous to cauline, solitary to few clustered together, 0.5-13 cm long, c. 1 mm thick, densely to sometimes sparsely hairy, usually branched, many-flowered, flowers scattered along inflorescence; bracts 1 (or 3) per branchlet, 1-3 mm long, subglabrous to densely hairy outside, glabrous to densely hairy inside, margin ciliate, not hyaline; branchlets cylindrical, (0-)1-2 mm long, densely hairy, 3-12-flowered. Staminate flowers 0.7-2 mm diam., green to yellow to white; pedicel 1-2 mm, upper part 0.1-1.5 mm long, densely hairy; sepals 5, elliptic, 0.7-1.5 by 0.4-0.7 mm, apex straight, outside and inside densely hairy; stamens 5 (or 6), 0.1-0.25 mm long, glabrous, yellowish; ?laments 0.1-0.2 mm long, straight; anthers c. 0.1 by 0.15 by 0.1 mm; disc absent; pistillode globose to obtriangular, c. 0.5 mm high, densely hairy, sometimes hollow. Pistillate inflorescences ramiflorous to cauline, solitary to 3 clustered together, 3.5-18 cm by 2-3 mm thick, subglabrous to densely hairy, 8-many-flowered; pedicel 3-7.5 mm long, upper part 0.4-0.5 mm long, geniculate or not, densely hairy, green; bracts 1 or 3 (then 1 big) per branchlet, sparsely to densely hairy outside, subglabrous to densely hairy inside, margin ciliate. Pistillate flowers 2-4.5 mm diam.; sepals 4-6, ovate, 1.5-2.8 by 1-1.3 mm, outside and inside densely hairy, persistent; ovary globose to cylindrical, c. 2 by 1.2-2 mm, 3- or 4-locular, tomentose; style 0.5-1.5 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, sparsely hairy; stigmas 0.5-1 mm long, cleft, persistent to caducous; lobes c. 1 by 0.4 mm, (sub)glabrous. Infructescences up to 15 cm long, 4-6 mm thick. Fruits (sub) globose, (2- or) 3-6-seeded, fleshy capsules, 30-65 by 34-75 by 34-75 mm, up to 80 mm diam. when fresh, loculicidally (and also septicidally) dehiscent, (sub)glabrous outside, subglabrous to densely hairy inside, raised glands present, brown to yellow to orange to dull red to dark green; pericarp 4-11 mm thick; column 16-32 mm long, straight, caducous; pedicel 7-30 mm long, upper part 5-20 mm long, thick-ened at abscission zone. Seeds globose to ellipsoid, laterally flattened, (to triangular), 13-23 by 11-18.5 by 4-7 mm; arillode white to yellow to sometimes orange; testa yellow to brown; cotyledons 9-15 by 9-19 by up to 1 mm; radicle 1-2.3 mm long; endosperm c. 1 mm thick. [from Blumea Suppl. 12: 1--216 (2000)]

Ecology
Mostly in undisturbed mixed dipterocarp forests, but also in (peat-)swamp, sub-montane and keranga forests up to 1600 m altitude. On alluvial sites and hillsides with clay to sandy soils.

Uses
The fruits are edible, sweet-sour. Sold in markets and cultivated in gardens.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.

Local names
Borneo Buah setei, Embah cerila, Embak kapur, Jantikan, Kapul, Pasim salai, Pasin, Pegak, Pekang, Puak tampoi, Setai, Tampoi, Tampoi hutan, Tampoi laki, Terai.
Peninsular Malaysia Merkeh (Kelantan); ngeke (Malay); lara (Temuan); rambai, tampoi batang, tampoi, tampui.
Sumatra Tampoei daoen, tampoei benez. Bangka: Medang, tampui.