Ficus sundaica Blume, Bijdr. (1825)

Latin for 'from Sunda', a region in Java.

Synonyms
Ficus avi-avi Blume
Ficus indica var. sundaica (Blume) Miq.
Ficus indica var. trichocalyx (Valeton) Backer
Ficus korthalsii Miq.
Ficus korthalsii var. beccariana King
Ficus mangiferifolia Griff.
Ficus pyrifolia (Miq.) Boerl. [Illegitimate]
Ficus rigida var. trichocalyx Valeton
Ficus rubescens (Blume) Miq.
Ficus rubra Blume
Ficus sundaica var. beccariana (King) Corner
Ficus sundaica var. impressicostata Kochummen
Ficus sundaica var. trichocalyx (Valeton) Backer
Ficus umbrifera Kunth & C.D.Bouch¨¦
Urostigma pseudorubrum Miq
Urostigma pyrifolium Miq.
Urostigma rubescens (Blume) Miq.
Urostigma sundaicum (Blume) Miq.

Diagnostics
Mid-canopy (strangler) tree up to 36 m tall and 63 cm dbh. Stem with white sap. Stipules ca. 20 mm long, glabrous to hairy. Leaves alternate, simple, tripli-veined, glabrous. Fruits ca. 18 mm diameter, yellow-orange-red-purple, elongate to globose figs, placed along the twigs.

Description
Monoecious strangler. Twigs grey-brown to dark brown, grooved. Stipules lanceolate, 2.5 cm long, velvety hairy outside or glabrous, caducous. Leaves glabrous; elliptic, oblong or narrowly obovate, 6.5-21 x 2.8-9 cm, base cuneate, margin thickened, entire or lobed, revolute, apex acute; midrib flat or sunken (var. impressicostata) above; lateral veins 4-6 pairs, visible on both surfaces, curving and joining near leaf margin, with 2-3 shorter veins in between, basal veins reaching about 1/2 or more the length of the blade, without glands in the axils below; intercostal venation reticulate, visible below, faint above; petiole 1.5-3 cm long, channelled on the adaxial side. Syconia in pairs, axillary, sessile, orange-yellow when ripe, oblong, 1.5-2 x 1.2-2 cm, strongly irregularly wrinkled on drying, apex disc-like; basal bracts large with round apex, persistent. [from Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak]

Ecology
In undisturbed peat-swamp, keranga, coastal mangrove, mixed dipterocarp and sub-montane forests up to 1200 m altitude. On alluvial sites near or along rivers and streams. On sandy soils.

Distribution
From Burma and Indo-China to the Moluccas.

Local names
Borneo: Ara, Ara bertih, Ara punai, Ara tampuk pinang, Ara tanduk, Arah, Baluti, Kara, Kayu ara, Nunuk.