Ficus crassiramea (Miq.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3 (1867)

Latin for 'thick twigs'.

Synonyms
Ficus ashtonii Kochummen
Ficus clementis Merr.
Ficus crassicalyx Elmer
Ficus crassiramea subsp. stupenda (Miq.) C.C.Berg
Ficus crassiramea var. brevicupulata Corner
Ficus crassiramea var. celebica Corner
Ficus crassiramea var. clementis (Merr.) Corner
Ficus crassiramea var. patellifera (Warb.) Corner
Ficus patellifera Warb.
Ficus procera Reinw. ex Blume
Ficus procera var. crassiramea (Miq.) King
Ficus rigida (Miq.) Miq.
Ficus stupenda Miq.
Ficus stupenda var. minor Corner
Ficus subgelderi var. rigida (Miq.) Corner
Ficus subtecta Corner
Ficus subtecta var. depressa Corner
Urostigma crassirameum Miq.
Urostigma giganteum Miq.
Urostigma procerum (Blume) Miq.
Urostigma rigidum Miq.

Diagnostics
Emergent tree (strangler fig) up to 52 m tall and 61 cm dbh. Stem with white sap. Stipules ca. 35 mm long, glabrous. Leaves alternate, tripli-veined, glabrous. Fruits ca. 18 mm diameter, yellow-orange-red-purple, globose, fleshy figs, placed along the twigs.

Description
Monoecious strangler, without free hanging aerial roots. Twigs grey-brown or dark brown, strongly ridged. Stipules ovate to lanceolate, c. 1.8 x 0.8 cm, glabrous, persistent. Leaves glabrous; elliptic to oblanceolate, 11.5-18.5 x 3-7 cm, base attenuate, margin entire, plane, apex obtuse or acute; midrib flat above; lateral veins 7-8 pairs, with a number of short intermediate veins, distantly spaced, curved, joining near the leaf margin, faintly visible on both surfaces, basal pair reaching up to 1/3 the length of the leaf blade, departing from the midrib at an acute angle; intercostal venation reticulate, faint above, distinct below; petiole 3-5.5 cm long, flat and wrinkled on drying. Syconia borne on twigs behind the leaves, sessile, globose, c. 1.8 cm diameter, ripening orange to red, apex umbonate, not perforated, surface wrinkled, not covered by irritant hairs; basal bracts stiff, short, persistent. [from Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak]

Ecology
In undisturbed to slightly disturbed mixed dipterocarp, (peat)-swamp and coastal forests up to 100 m altitude. Usually on alluvial sites, near or along rivers and streams. On sandy to clay soils.

Uses
The roots, bark and leaves are pounded into a past and used against snake bites.

Distribution
From Burma and Thailand to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

Local names
Borneo: Kayu ara, Karak kijang.
English: Collared fig.