Shorea smithiana Sym., Gard. Bull. S. S. 9 (1938)

Diagnostics
Emergent tree up to 66 m tall and 164 cm dbh. Stem with resin. Stipules ca. 20 mm long. Leaves alternate, simple, penni-veined, with scales on petiole and lower surface, feeling like sand paper. Flowers ca. 26 mm in diameter, reddish, placed in panicles. Fruits ca. 21 mm long, green-brown, with three ca. 145 mm long wings, wind dispersed.

Description
Large buttressed tree. Young twig, leaf bud, stipule outside (puberulent within), petiole, leaf beneath, midrib above and panicle persistently grey-brown to rust scabrid tomentose, leaf above caducous puberulent. Twig 3-4 mm apically, stout, ribbed, smooth, glabrous; stipule scars to 2 mm long at first, broad, falcate, descending. Bud 5-8 by 3-4.5 mm, ovoid, slightly compressed. Stipule to 20 by 6 mm, broadly hastate, subacute. Leaves 12-20 by 6.5-11.5 cm, broadly obovate to oblong or ovate, grey lepidote beneath, coriaceous; base obtuse or subcordate; acumen to 1.5 cm long, broad; nerves 14-17 pairs, beneath, curved, at 50-60 degrees distally, more spreading at base; tertiary nerves scalariform, well spaced, sinuate; midrib prominent, stout, rounded, beneath, rather narrow and slightly depressed above; petiole 2.2-2.8 cm long, stout. Panicle to 25 cm long. terminal or axillary, terete, regularly singly branched. the branchlets bearing to 7 secund flowers; bracteoles to 5 by 4 mm, ovate, subacute, shortly pubescent on both surfaces, falling before the corolla opens. Flower bud to 10 by 3 mm, narrowly ovoid, subacute. Calyx densely pubescent outside, glabrescent within; lobes broadly deltoid to ovate, acute, subequal, the 2 inner the narrower. Petals pink, narrowly oblong, short, densely yellowish brown pubescent on parts exposed in bud. Stamens 22-26, of 3 sizes; filaments basally expanded, abruptly tapering and filiform distally; anthers broadly oblong; appendage to connective almost twice as long as anthers, reaching to 0.75 length of ovary and style, not reflexed. Ovary and stylopodium narrowly pyriform, puberulent; style cylindrical, glaprominent brous. Fruit calyx glabrescent; 3 longer lobes to 20 by 2.8 cm, narrowly spatulate, coriaceous, narrowly obtuse, c. 1.3 cm broad and often slightly revolute above the to 1.5 by 1.8 cm broadly ovate shallowly saccate thickened base; 2 shorter lobes to 1 3 by 0.9 cm, linear, similarly expanded at base. Nut to 2.7 by 1.8 cm, ovoid; style remnant to 3.5 mm long, tapering, densely evenly shortly pale cream-buff pubescent. [from Flora Malesiana]

Ecology
In undisturbed mixed dipterocarp forests up to 400 m altitude. Mostly on ridges and hillsides with sandy soils. Frequent on deep sandy clay soils on undulating land.

Uses
The timber is used. The bark sometimes used as floor cover.

Distribution
Borneo.

Local names
Borneo: Awang, Berat, Chempaga, Engkabang, Lempong merembong, Lempong tembaga, Mahambung, Meraka belong, Meranti rambai, Rambai, Seraya merah, Seraya timbau, Tengkawang rambai.